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The European Central Bank (ECB) communicated its first assessment of the digital euro a few weeks ago. In the report published on this, the ECB gives first insights into its ideas about the digital euro. In this guest contribution, Jonas Groß, Philipp Sandner and Alexander Bechtel evaluate the ECB’s report and discuss its three most important aspects.

In October the European Central Bank (ECB) published its long-awaited “ report“to the digital euro, a digital central bank currency (CBDC) for the euro area

The ECB addresses the issue of the “digital euro” from the perspective of its mandate. The main intention of the ECB is to create a digital form of cash for European citizens and not a programmed form of the euro for European industry. However, looking at the ECB’s analysis, it becomes clear that the digital euro outlined by the ECB is not a digital variant of cash. The ECB is currently still keeping an open question as to whether the digital euro will be token-based, non-interest-bearing and anonymous – all of which are key features of cash.

In its report, the ECB emphasizes that it has not yet decided whether a digital euro will actually be introduced. At the same time, however, the central bank stressed that it was ready to introduce a digital euro “if the need arises”. The ECB defines the following scenarios from which the need for a digital euro could arise:

Firstly, the digitization of the European economy should be supported.

Second, a digital euro could be a response to a significant decline in the use of cash as a means of payment

Third, a digital euro could be required to reduce reliance on foreign CBDCs or private digital coins such as Libra, China’s DC / EP, or a US CBDC.

Fourth, a digital euro could open up a new transmission channel for monetary policy.

Fifth, a digital euro could increase the resilience of digital payments so that a hacker attack, natural disaster, pandemic or other extreme event would not restrict the provision of payment services.

In addition to these scenarios, the ECB is also discussing risks that could arise from a digital euro, for example in relation to financial stability, regulation, IT security, capital flows and the euro exchange rate. The ECB emphasizes that such risks must be adequately addressed and therefore stipulates requirements that a digital euro must meet in order to counteract such risks.

Het is een behoorlijke week geduld geweest voor de VS en de hele wereld in het algemeen. Of de politiek er een slechte of goede week van heeft gemaakt, hangt af van de mening die iemand heeft. Voor de Bitcoin (BTC) -hodlers was het echter een geweldige week.

De prijs van de vlaggenschipcrypto is de afgelopen zeven dagen met meer dan 8,5% gestegen

Het schommelt nu rond de $ 15.000 en heeft meer dan 100 dagen boven de $ 10.000 uitgegeven. Deze prijsactie door Bitcoin heeft enkele experts laten voorspellen voor een nieuwe piek. Anderen maken nu een trip door hun geheugen en bekijken 2016 op enkele positieve signalen.

In 2016 was het ook een periode van voorverkiezingen, en stabiliteit werd gevolgd door een massale rally. Het volgende weerstandsniveau voor Bitcoin is $ 17.000. Zal bitcoin dit niveau bereiken? Veel daarvan hangt af van hoe ver het eerst valt.

De walvissen zijn optimistisch toen op de verkiezingsdag 58.861 BTC Binance verliet, wat zich vertaalt naar maar liefst $ 816 miljoen. Deze beweging zou het resultaat kunnen zijn van een deal. Het is echter ook mogelijk dat walvissen zich opmaken voor een prijsrally.

Bijna $ 1 miljard is ook voor het eerst sinds 2015 weggegaan van een Silk Road-portemonnee. Het zou het resultaat kunnen zijn van een hack, maar de tijd zal het leren over dat probleem. PayPal is van zijn kant optimistisch over de toekomst van BTC. Het betalingsbedrijf verhoogt zijn wekelijkse aankooplimieten van $ 10.000 naar $ 15.000.

De crypto heeft ook een nieuwe vriend in de Senaat van de Verenigde Staten. De republikein Cynthia Lummis won haar race om Wyoming te vertegenwoordigen. Ze verwierf voor het eerst bitcoin in 2013 en ze gelooft dat de digitale valuta een betrouwbare waardeopslag kan worden.

Blockchain is ook wakker

Maar het is niet alleen bitcoin die het momenteel goed doet. Ook de onderliggende bitcoin-technologie loopt op rolletjes. The Associated Press slaagde erin om een blockchain te gebruiken om verkiezingsuitslagen te publiceren en tegelijkertijd te garanderen dat deze cijfers niet konden worden gehackt. Een lid van de Australische Senaat , Andrew Bragg, heeft meedogenloos de blockchain gepusht als een manier om financiële compliance te vergemakkelijken.

Gibraltar is als waarnemend lid toegetreden tot de Global Blockchain Business Council. Interessant is dat het Britse overzeese gebied zich aansluit bij meer dan 50 landen in de raad, en het is van plan het gebruik van blockchain op het hele eiland te promoten.

De lokale tak van HSBC in Bangladesh is er ook in geslaagd om de eerste internationale blockchain-handelsfinancieringstransactie van het land te maken. De verwerking van de betrokken digitale kredietbrief nam amper 24 uur in beslag. Zonder het gebruik van een blockchain zou hetzelfde proces vijf tot tien dagen duren.

Bitcoin en de onderliggende blockchain zitten mogelijk in de lift. De markten voor gedecentraliseerde financiering (DeFi) beginnen echter af te koelen. Ethereum-kosten zijn aanzienlijk lager, maar Electroneum is wakker en actief. Dit cryptocurrency-betalingsnetwerk viert zijn derde verjaardag. Het heeft tot doel het gebruik van zijn ETN-munt uit te breiden en ook zijn AnyTask-gig-platform te laten groeien .

Bitcoin and gold bars are more similar than expected. You can use it to protect your savings from inflation. On the picture you can see gold bars and Bitcoin Billionaire coins.

Anthony Pompliano, one of the most famous figures in the cryptospace, posted a number of positive Bitcoin tweets on Twitter. „Pomp“ explicitly responded to the criticism of many Bitcoin opponents. In this article we want to take a closer look at the arguments that Pompliano gives. Among other things, he explains why he sees Bitcoin as an excellent store of value in the future.

Anthony Pompliano vs. Bitcoin opponents: who was right?

The day before yesterday, Anthony Pompliano published a series of tweets explaining his views on the performance and role of Bitcoin in uncertain economic times.

So his address begins with the following sentence:

Many of the doubters have repeatedly emphasized that Bitcoin is a terrible asset in economic crises like the current one.

But they were taught better.

Pomp then scrutinized several theses from Bitcoin skeptics and confronted the critics with his arguments.

Pompliano begins his argument with Black Thursday, which took place on March 12th this year. The economic shock that day brought not only Bitcoin and all other altcoins, but also the stock market and oil prices southwards.

Pomp explained that there was a general decline in this regard. In other words: the short-term panic resulted in a general liquidation, so that all (!) Asset classes were affected by this phenomenon.

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Bitcoin price is 300% above the March level

Anthony Pompliano continues his argument and points out that BTC has already increased by more than 300 percent (!) Since the annual low in March. The YTD value is also at a very good level at 83%.

Bitcoin (BTC) has thus clearly outperformed all other asset classes, according to Pompliano.

Bitcoin is 83% above the start of the year and more than 300% above the year low in March. BTC has outperformed all other asset classes by a significant amount.

Correlation to the stock market drops drastically

At the end of his Twitter series, Pompliano addresses the most frequent critics‘ argument. It has been shown time and again that the correlation between Bitcoin and the stock market was extremely high.

This led to the conclusion that BTC per se is not a good hedge. Pompliano confirms that there was an increased correlation, but it should be noted that other asset classes such as gold also correlated with the stock market for a short time (!).

However, this perspective has changed and the correlation between BTC and the stock market is heading back towards 0. This means that there is practically no correlation and the two asset classes are uncorrelated.

Os hackers da Darkside doaram fundos de bitcoin no valor de $10.000 (0,88 BTC) recebidos de suas explorações de resgate a duas organizações sem fins lucrativos cada. Este tipo de ato de Robin Hood vindo de hackers tem intrigado os especialistas.

No que parece ser um caso de hackers negros disfarçados de Robin Hoods auto-professados da internet, duas organizações beneficentes receberam misteriosas doações de bitcoin de um grupo de criminosos cibernéticos.

O gesto generoso vale 0,88 BTC (cerca de 10.000 dólares), com os hackers doadores querendo „fazer do mundo um lugar melhor“.

Hacking Corporations To Give Back To The Society?

Conforme o último relatório publicado pela BBC, este ato altruísta de benevolência vindo de perpetradores on-line deixou os especialistas em crimes cibernéticos perplexos. E por que não? Este ato Robin Hoodesque é a primeira vez e não segue o padrão MO (leia o modus operandi) dos hackers de Darkside.

Duas instituições de caridade – The Water Project e Children International, de fato receberam doações de bitcoin no valor de $10.000 (0,88 BTC) cada uma. Os capuzes robin online compartilharam os recibos para o mesmo na teia escura.

A Children International expressou objeção a esta doação e disse que não a aceitaria. Falando com a BBC, um porta-voz representando as organizações sem fins lucrativos disse:

Se a doação estiver ligada a um hacker, não temos intenção de mantê-la.

Os hackers provavelmente sabiam que as instituições de caridade não aprovariam seu gesto de „retribuição à sociedade“. Em um post recente no blog, eles escreveram:

Pensamos que é justo que parte do dinheiro que as empresas pagaram vá para a caridade.

Não importa quão ruim você pense que nosso trabalho seja, estamos satisfeitos em saber que ajudamos a mudar a vida de alguém. Hoje enviamos (sic) as primeiras doações.

O que os especialistas em cibercrime pensam desta doação de Bitcoin?

Para especialistas como Brett Callow, este ato de benevolência dos hackers não fez sentido. Ele diz que a motivação concreta para doar uma parte do resgate a instituições de caridade não é nada clara. As intenções dos hackers por trás deste ato são equivocadas e incomuns.

O que os criminosos esperam conseguir fazendo estas doações não é de forma alguma claro. Talvez isso ajude a aliviar sua culpa? Ou talvez por razões egoístas, eles querem ser vistos como personagens parecidos com Robin Hood, ao invés de extorsionistas sem consciência.

Quaisquer que sejam suas motivações, é certamente um passo muito incomum e é, tanto quanto sei, a primeira vez que um grupo de resgate doou uma parte de seus lucros para a caridade.

Os hackers usaram o bloco de doação para doar o BTC

De acordo com a revelação, os hackers aproveitaram a plataforma facilitadora da doação em moeda criptográfica, The Giving Block (TGB), para fazer as doações de bitcoin. Porque a plataforma permite que qualquer pessoa com fundos BTC/crypto (ETH, LTC) faça a doação anonimamente. Dados revelam que 67 instituições de caridade usam o serviço da empresa para receber doações de bitcoin e crypto.

Acontece que a TGB não estava realmente ciente da fonte desses fundos de bitcoin. Em uma entrevista sobre o assunto, a TGB garantiu devolver o BTC doado a seus legítimos proprietários. Se eles descobrissem que os hackers faziam essas doações. Eles disseram:

Ainda estamos trabalhando para determinar se esses fundos foram de fato roubados.

Se se verificar que estas doações foram feitas usando fundos roubados, é claro que começaremos o trabalho de devolvê-los ao proprietário legítimo.

A TGB acrescentou:

O fato de usarem criptográficos tornará mais fácil, não mais difícil, pegá-los.

As doações anônimas de fontes ilícitas apontam para a lavagem de dinheiro: Chainalysis

Philip Gradwell, um investigador de moeda criptográfica que trabalha com Chainalysis, também comentou sobre este caso. Ele disse que as doações anônimas de BTC/crypto são questionáveis, pois abrem o caminho para uma lavagem de dinheiro desenfreada. Especialmente se os maus atores fazem essas doações.

Ele impressionou com o fato de que os funcionários da lei desenvolveram uma certa proficiência em rastrear o movimento de fundos criptográficos de carteira em carteira. Mas é bastante difícil descobrir quem realmente é o dono da carteira. E é por isso que Philip sente isso:

Todas as empresas de moedas criptográficas precisam de uma gama completa de medidas contra a lavagem de dinheiro, incluindo um programa de verificação básica dos antecedentes de seu cliente (KYC), para que eles possam entender quem está por trás das transações que seu negócio facilita.

Quanto às organizações sem fins lucrativos, elas desprezaram a idéia de hackers fazendo doações de fundos mal obtidos. Eles não se sentiriam à vontade e nunca ‚deliberadamente‘ aceitariam fundos de fontes espúrias. Foi o que eles disseram à BBC.

France enters the game – For several months now, cryptocurrencies have seemed to be an increasingly common choice for institutional investors and large companies. French firms are no exception to the rule either. In fact, an EDF subsidiary will now participate in the validation of transactions on the Tezos blockchain.

EDF embarks on blockchain

EDF teams have been working internally on different blockchain applications for several years now . However, the company has just passed a new milestone by becoming more involved in the Tezos project .

Thus, it is through the subsidiary specializing in blockchain solutions and high performance cloud , Exaion , created in January 2020, that EDF is embarking on block validation .

A strategic choice?

In practice, Tezos is a blockchain of choice for Exaion, which announced in its press release that it wants to “commit to developing solutions to minimize the carbon footprint of its activity and that of its customers” .

man-construction-ecology

Truth be told, Tezos is a Proof of Stake blockchain , a consensus mechanism known to be very energy efficient, especially compared to Bitcoin’s Proof of Work .

“Our choice to use the Tezos blockchain came naturally. Tezos allows us to considerably reduce our energy consumption and is part of our sustainable development policy while maintaining a quality digital offer. “ – Fatih Balyeli, co-founder and CEO of Exaion

Obviously, the choice of the Tezos blockchain was also motivated by the presence in France of Nomadic Labs, one of the research teams of the Tezos project.

“Nomadic Labs is pleased to have supported Exaion in its efforts to join the Tezos ecosystem, which currently has more than 400 validators around the world. By becoming the first French company to validate on Tezos, Exaion reinforces its status as a pioneer in the blockchain sector and, by considering the use of this technology for certain customers and business cases, validates the viability of the Tezos project, paving the way for a growing commitment from French institutional players . » – Michel Mauny, President of Nomadic Labs

Deutschlands Blockkettenlösung soll Einschränkungen im Energiesektor beheben

Die deutsche Blockkettenlösung für verteilte Energieressourcen stellt die Interoperabilität auf die Probe.

Verteilte Energieressourcen oder DERs haben das Potenzial, traditionelle Strommärkte zu stören. Daher sollte es nicht überraschen, dass innovative Länder nach neuen Technologien mit Bitcoin Profit Ausschau halten, die es den DERs ermöglichen, ganze Energiewirtschaften umzuwandeln.

Insbesondere Deutschland ist daran interessiert, DERs zu nutzen, um seine digitale Energiewirtschaft voranzutreiben und gleichzeitig den europäischen Green Deal zu erfüllen. So kündigte die Deutsche Energie-Agentur, auch bekannt als DENA – die wichtigste Regierungsgruppe, die für Energieinnovationen in Deutschland zuständig ist – Pläne zur Erprobung einer blockkettenbasierten Lösung zum Aufbau eines digitalen Registers für DERs an.

Sara Mamel, Exportmanagerin für Digitalisierung bei der DENA, sagte gegenüber Cointelegprah, dass die DENA vor sechs Wochen ein Pilotprojekt mit dem Namen „Blockchain Machine Identity Ledger“ (BMIL) vorgestellt habe. Laut Mamel wird BMIL zusammen mit Energy Web, einer auf Blockketten fokussierten gemeinnützigen Organisation, und 20 weiteren Partnern aus dem Energie- und Blockkettensektor durchgeführt:

„Dies ist ein sehr ehrgeiziges Projekt mit dem Ziel, eine Infrastrukturebene für das deutsche digitale Energiesystem der Zukunft zu testen. Wir wollen, dass dieses Projekt die größtmögliche Wirkung für den gesamten Energiesektor hat, weshalb wir eine hochinnovative Struktur haben.

Blockkette für DER-Automatisierung

Jesse Morris, der Chief Customer Officer von Energy Web, sagte gegenüber Cointelegraph, dass BMIL ein digitales Register für DERs in Deutschland aufbauen wird. Beispiele für DERs sind photovoltaische Solarkraftwerke auf Dächern, Batterie-Energiespeicher wie die Tesla Powerwall, intelligente Thermostate und Ladestationen für Elektroautos. fügte Morris hinzu:

„Für die Stromnetze auf der ganzen Welt bedeutet dies eine massive Verschiebung bei Investitionen und Infrastruktur. Von einem zentralisierten System mit einer relativ kleinen Anzahl von sehr großen Kraftwerken zu einem dezentralisierten System mit Hunderten von Millionen kleiner Anlagen, die als Teil eines größeren Ganzen arbeiten“.

Laut Morris nutzt ein blockkettenbasiertes digitales Register für DERs dezentralisierte Identifikatoren, die es den Anlagen ermöglichen, sich selbst im Verzeichnis zu registrieren. Dadurch können Dritte, wie z.B. DER-Installateure, Ansprüche über bestimmte DERs leicht überprüfen. Diese Lösung sollte den Netzbetreibern auch dabei helfen, DERs in verschiedene Marktanwendungen zur Bereitstellung von Netzdienstleistungen einzubringen, was als Grundlage für rationalisierte Abrechnungen nach der Lieferung von Energiedienstleistungen dienen würde.

Dies ist äußerst wichtig, insbesondere für ein Land wie Deutschland, das zur viertgrößten Volkswirtschaft der Welt zählt. Es ist auch interessant, darauf hinzuweisen, dass ein Dokument des Europäischen Parlaments über DERs darauf hinweist, dass bis 2024 der weltweite Einsatz von DERs den Einsatz der zentralisierten Energieerzeugung überwunden haben wird. In dem Dokument heißt es weiter, dass in Deutschland erneuerbare Energiequellen, die aus DERs erzeugt werden, einen bedeutenden Marktanteil haben und den Weg für eine dezentralere Energieerzeugung ebnen.

Die Blockketten-Interoperabilität an ihre Grenzen stoßen

Bei erfolgreicher Durchführung erklärte Morris, dass BMIL als Grundlage für eine breite Palette von DERs dienen könnte, die sowohl den deutschen Großhandels- als auch den Endkundenstrommarkt unterstützen: „Dies wird es für jeden DER in Deutschland einfach, effizient und kostengünstig machen, am Energiemarkt teilzunehmen. Netzbetreiber und Energieversorger werden ebenfalls Zugang zu einem unerschlossenen dekarbonisierten deutschen Energiesystem erhalten“.

Allerdings bleiben technische Herausforderungen bestehen. Mamel von der DENA bemerkte, dass BMIL ein Projekt ist, das auf der Prämisse der Interoperabilität aufbaut – eine der bisher größten Herausforderungen laut Bitcoin Profit der Blockkette. Während DENA technologie-agnostisch ist, erklärte Mamel, dass DENA darauf abzielt, eine Lösung zu testen, die auf den deutschen Energiesektor anwendbar sein wird, der bereits aus einem dezentralisierten Rahmen besteht, in dem viele Industrieakteure unterschiedliche Standards verwenden.